System architecture
This is the scheme of the system architecture of our project
Assystme have two main computational nodes for computing data given by sensors. The technologies implemented are: multisensor detecting movement, gas sensor, microphone, ultrasonic sensor detecting water flow, solenoid valve. The main user interface is a vocal/audio interface, the most simple and immediate we could think of.
Hardware architecture
Computational Nodes
- The main computational node (Raspberry Pi 3) receives several types of interrupt from the secondary computational node (Arduino UNO) which collects data from the sensors. We thought about implementing Arduino UNO to manage data from the sensors since it can manage both analogical and digital input/output. All the actuators are controlled by the Raspberry Pi 3 because it can be done by using digital binary signals. The Raspberry Pi 3 is also used to communicate messages to a family member in case of danger (via a Telegram Bot).
Devices
Snap-Action Switch
Presence sensor
Gas sensor
Ultrasonic water flow sensor
Solenoid valve
This type of sensor is used to check if and at what time the main door has been opened, and if the user is not feeling well.
It detects if the person is at home: multiple are needed in the house, one for each room.
Present in the kitchen, it detects the presence of gas in the environment
To detect if the kitchen's faucet has been left open, by measuring the distance between
it and a possible water flow.
Used to control both the water flow as well as the gas
User Interface Devices
Speaker
Microphone
Used to interact with the user by communicating though audio messages.
Used in order to take the user answers as command for the system.
Software architecture
As software module, we want to develop an application running on the main computational node in order to collect and elaborate data received from sensor. This will also manage the voice comunication between the system and the user.
- Gas Controller
- It has the main function of controlling the gas sensor and, in case of a leak of gas, it closes the gas sources. In a second time it asks for a feedback on the user health.
- Running on the central unit
- Front Door Lock (to be modified)
- It controls the main door lock: the system keeps locked the front door during certains hours in the day. If the elder tries to go outside, it notifies the family member using the communication module.
- Running on the central unit
- Faucets Control
- Similarly to the Gas Controller, it controls the closure of the faucets and, in case one has been left open, the system notifies the user and asks him whether it can adoperate to close it autonomously.
- Running on the central unit
Network architecture
As the image suggests, sensors are connected to the central unit in the following way:
Gas, and ultrasonic sensors are connected to Arduino. Presence sensor runs
in the dedicated Z-wave server. Solenoid valve, door control, user alarm button, speakers and microphone
used for the interaction between the system and the user, communicates with
Raspberry.
The Raspberry Pi needs an internet connection in order to set the current time.